Concussion Signs and Symptoms
When diagnosing a concussion, it is crucial to recognize the signs and symptoms. These symptoms can vary from patient to patient, ranging from physical dysfunctions to mental disturbances, emotional changes, and sleep disturbances. Therefore, it is essential to be assessed by an experienced health professional.
What is a Concussion?
A concussion is a brain injury caused by acceleration or deceleration of the brain within the skull following a significant impact to the head or elsewhere on the body. The impact causes a biochemical imbalance within the brain cells, resulting in decreased blood flow and temporary energy deficits within the brain. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, headache, pressure in the head, neck pain, nausea or vomiting, dizziness, or balance problems, among others.
An acute concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that typically occurs as a result of a blow to the head or body, causing the brain to move rapidly within the skull. This sudden movement can lead to various physiological changes in the brain, such as chemical imbalances and alterations in neural activity.
Common causes of acute concussions include car accidents, falls, sports-related injuries, and physical assaults. It’s important to note that concussions can occur without a direct impact to the head if there is a forceful jolt to the body that causes the head to move rapidly.
It’s crucial to seek medical attention if someone is suspected of having a concussion. A healthcare professional can assess the severity of the injury, provide appropriate treatment recommendations, and advise on the necessary rest and recovery measures.
The management of concussions often involves cognitive and physical rest during the initial stages. Gradual reintroduction of activities and monitoring of symptoms are essential for a safe and effective recovery. In some cases, more severe concussions may require specialized medical care.
It’s worth noting that repeated concussions can have cumulative and potentially long-term effects on brain health, emphasizing the importance of proper management and prevention strategies, especially in contact sports and high-risk activities. Always consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice and care regarding concussion injuries.
Signs & Symptoms of a Concussion
- Headaches: Persistent or recurrent headaches are a common symptom.
- Dizziness and Vertigo: Feeling lightheaded or experiencing a spinning sensation.
- Fatigue: A sense of ongoing tiredness or low energy levels.
- Cognitive Difficulties: Problems with concentration, memory, and other cognitive functions.
- Sleep Disturbances: Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing changes in sleep patterns.
- Mood Changes: Anxiety, irritability, depression, or other mood disturbances.
Managing a Concussion
Management of a concussion often involves a multidisciplinary approach, including:
- Rest and Gradual Return to Activity: Adequate rest during the acute phase of the injury is important. As symptoms improve, a gradual return to normal activities may be recommended.
- Symptom Management: Medications may be prescribed to address specific symptoms such as headaches or sleep disturbances.
- Cognitive Rehabilitation: Strategies to improve cognitive function and manage cognitive difficulties may be implemented.
- Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises and physical therapy may be beneficial, especially if there are balance or coordination issues.
- Psychological Support: Addressing mood disturbances and providing psychological support can be crucial in managing the overall well-being of individuals with Post-Concussion Syndrome.
Our clinic offers advanced, evidence-based interventions that are proactive in nature, effectively mitigating the risks associated with concussions.
Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS)
A condition where the symptoms of a concussion persist for an extended period beyond what is considered the normal recovery time. Post-concussion syndrome is typically diagnosed when symptoms persist for weeks to months after the initial injury.
The exact cause of Post-Concussion Syndrome is not fully understood, and it can affect individuals differently. Factors such as the severity of the initial concussion, pre-existing health conditions, and psychological factors may contribute to the development and persistence of symptoms.
It’s essential for individuals experiencing persistent symptoms after a concussion to seek medical attention for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management. The guidance of healthcare professionals, including neurologists, rehabilitation specialists, and mental health professionals, is important for a tailored and effective treatment plan.
Managing PCS
Consult with a certified concussion specialist who is trained to create a customized program to treat the 5 main drivers of PCS. There are many simple, effective practices you can begin with: deep breathing, grounding techniques, mindfulness, and small lifestyle shifts that gently support your regulation day by day.
- Nervous System Dysregulation
- Neuroinflammation & Gut/Hormonal Imbalance
- Visual, Vestibular & Dysfunction
- Cervical Spine Issues
- Psychological & Cognitive Factors
Nervous System Dysregulation
Deep, diaphragmatic breathing
Practice at least 4 minutes of silent, deep breathing. Focus on expanding and breathing deep into your belly while keeping your upper chest very still. Ideally, it should be a slow inhale (4sec), hold (4sec), and slow exhale (4 sec). Search “Box breathing” online for a good place to start
Cold water exposure: Cold decreases SNS and increases PNS.
Start with splashing cold water on your face in the morning and evening End your shower with 10sec of cold water to your face, chest and abdomen. Whole body cold showers – see “Wim Hof” online for ideas
Earthing / Grounding Walking on grass, sand, or soil with bare feet daily (10min)
Singing or Chanting, Gargling: Sing or hum your favorite song. Add 2min of a simple mantra like “OOOMMM” to your medication or deep breathing. A powerful vagus nerve stimulator. Gargle water for 2-5 minutes in the morning and before bed (after brushing teeth is a good time). Note: It needs to be a deep gargle (back of throat) for optimal stimulation. Laughter Stimulates the diaphragm and the vagus nerve. Watch or read something funny daily.
Meditation and/or Prayer: Many studies show that a daily mindfulness practice, meditation and recited prayers lower excess SNS activity and the stress hormone cortisol. Add a positive affirmation and/or prayer to your daily meditation.
Neuroinflammation & Gut/Hormonal Balance
7-9 hour of deep, uninterrupted sleep – We can improve our sleep by exposing our eyes to the sun in the morning or by minimizing exposure to light after sunset. Avoid eating 2-3 hours before sleep.
High-quality nutrition: avoiding processed food and refined sugars
Limit (or avoid) alcohol consumption
Daily movement.
Gentle (breathwork, stretching), Moderate (Dancing, Walking, Yoga) Even five or ten minutes a day can make a difference.
Tech-free time: Rest and relax without screen time. Put your phone away and give yourself some time to clear your mind and rest your eyes.
Targeted Nutrient & Herbal Support: Omega 3, Magnesium, B Vitamins, Electrolytes, Teas, St John’s Wart
Vision Therapy & Vestibular Rehab
Visual tracking exercises, occlusion glasses and specialized games with a concussion specialist and RightEye
Balance exercises, activities and customized exercise program with the use of the B Track S
Cervical Spine Issues
Manual therapy is a key component of cervical spine therapy following a concussion. It involves a range of techniques aimed at relieving neck pain and tension, improving neck mobility, and enhancing overall function. The therapy typically includes manipulation, ART, strengthening exercises, correcting posture and alignment, acupuncture.
Psychological & Cognitive Factors
Education, Encouragement and Therapy services (Psychologist, Occupational Therapist), Brain Training games
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